10 Shocking Facts About Your Garbage

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MSN compiled 10 facts about garbage that are likely to surprise you.² You may never look at your trash the same way again…

1. More Than 100 Tons of Waste for Every American: The average American throws away more than 7 pounds of garbage a day. That's 102 tons in a lifetime, more than any other populations on Earth.
2. Bottled Water Is the "Grandfather of Wasteful Industries." Edward Humes, author of the book "Garbology: Our Dirty Love Affair with Trash," counts bottled water among the most wasteful of industries. In the US, Americans toss 60 million water bottles daily, which is nearly 700 each minute.
3. Food Waste Is a Problem Too: Americans throw away 28 billion pounds of food a year, which is about 25 percent of the US food supply.
4. Disposables Are a Drain: Ten percent of the world's oil supply is used to make and ship disposable plastics – items like plastic utensils, plates, and cups that are used just one time and thrown away.
5. Trash Is Expensive: Most communities spend more to deal with trash than they spend for schoolbooks, fire protection, libraries, and parks.
6. Carpet Waste Alone Is Astounding: Americans throw away 5.7 million tons of carpet every year.
7. Paper Waste Is a Shame: Americans waste 4.5 million tons of office paper a year. Ask yourself… do I really need to print that?
8. Opting Out of Junk Mail Makes a Difference: According to Humes, the energy used to create and distribute junk mail in the US for one day could heat 250,000 homes. You can opt-out of junk mail by going to CatalogChoice.org.
9. Too Many Toys: Only 4 percent of the world's children live in the US, but Americans buy (and throw away) 40 percent of the world's toys. Buy less toys, opt for second-hand versions, and pass down the toys you do purchase to others.
10. Plastic Bags: On average, Americans use 500 plastic bags per capita each year. Such bags make up the second most common type of garbage found on beaches. Stash reusable shopping bags in your purse or car so you're not tempted by plastic or paper.

 

The Pacific Garbage Patch is not alone

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Unbelievably, there are is another floating island of garbage in the Atlantic Ocean, in the Sargasso Sea. It is not as big or as popular as the Texas-sized Great Pacific Garbage Patch, but it poses the same health risk to animals, birds, other marine mammals and us.
More: Plastic Island Pacific Ocean
The Sargasso sea is bounded by the North Atlantic Current, the Canary Current, the North Atlantic Equatorial Current and the Gulf stream. These currents carry the trash thrown into the ocean into the Sargasso Sea – where it gets trapped and accumulates.
The NOAA has conducted studies of these trash islands, including 5 other ocean gyres in the world. The trash soup is a collection of pelagic plastic particles, consumer products and sludge. The plastic particles are so small that when the water is rough, you won’t even see it, but it’s there. Some research studies say that there are 200,000 bits of trash per square kilometer. What you see in the surface is just a portion of what’s there, since plastic gets pushed down below the surface.
Trash islands are not islands that you can walk on. They’re more like a collection of garbage that gets stuck in one location because of the ocean gyres. It’s a collection of our trash such as abandoned fishing gears, bottle caps, toothbrush, plastic bags and so on.
Since plastic doesn’t biodegrade, what is thrown into the ocean will just photo-degrade into little bits of itself. It will always be there. Trillions of these plastics get trapped in the trash island.

The danger of plastics floating in the ocean

DDT, PCB and other toxic chemicals do not dissolve in water. However, they can be absorbed by plastic just like a sponge. Just imagine that each of the trillion micro plastic particles have absorbed some of the chemicals floating around in the ocean.
Since they’re very miniscule, they are mistaken as food by fish, seabirds and other marine animals. Once ingested, scientists speculate that the toxins can seep from the plastic into fish tissue. If the fish don’t die from ingesting the plastic, they will be contaminated.

More: Plastic Bag Pollution Facts
Now, these small fish gets eaten by larger fish, the kind that is sold in the market. Once the bigger fish eats the contaminated fish, it also acquires the toxins – in greater numbers even, since they have a pretty large appetite… and then the fishermen catches the big fish and we cook them in our kitchen and feed it to our families.
The rest of the animals die since the plastic accumulates in their stomachs. The horror is that even when the body of the animal decomposes… the plastics are still there.

Can we clean up the ocean?

As much as 80% of marine debris comes from land. 20% comes from ocean going vessels. Since we are mainly responsible for them, can we clean up these trash islands?
Unfortunately, it’s not as easy as it sounds. There have been some efforts by the Environmental Protection Agency to capture the industrial plastic pellets in the Atlantic ocean. The effort lessened the number somewhat – but pellets only make up less than 10% of the trash out there. There’s too much material scattered over a too large an area to make a significant impact.
Experts say that throwing out a net into the ocean will also capture millions of marine animals along with the trash. That would be defeating the purpose.

What can we do?

The solution is to minimize the waste here on land and to properly dispose of our trash. Policies on recycling and disposal should be strengthened and reinforced.
Read more about the latest global environmental issues at The World Counts: Stories.
Go green and find green products and ethical companies at FirmHugger.

Tong Sampah Origami

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Cara menbuat tong sampah yang mudah dari bahan kertas.

Tempat Sampah Pintar Buatan Siswa SMA

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Jakarta -
Ryan Timothy Abisha, siswa SMA ini membuat tempat sampah pintar yang bisa memilah jenis sampah sendiri. Alat temuan yang dinamakan Smart Trash Bin ini berhasil menyabet medali perak di ajang penemu muda tingkat internasional.

Ryan mendapat medali perak kategori Green Technology dalam kompetisi International Exhibition for Young Inventors (IEYI) di China beberapa waktu lalu . Selain medali perak, tempat sampah pintarnya juga meraih special award dari dua negara.

"Dapat Japan special award sama Macau special award," ucap Ryan saat berbincang dengan detikcom, Senin (25/7/2016).
Siswa kelas XI Sampoerna Academy Jakarta ini memulai proyek penelitian tempat sampah pintar ini Maret 2016. Butuh waktu 2 bulan untuk membuat alat ini dengan biaya sekitar Rp 700 ribuan.

"Produk ini pakai sensor dan sensornya saya bikin sendiri," ucap Ryan.

Tong sampah pintar ini memiliki sejumlah komponen, yakni sensor yang bertugas untuk memilah, 3 tong sampah, dan circuit. Cara kerjanya cukup sederhana, orang yang ingin membuang sampah cukup menempelkan sampahnya ke sensor yang letakkan di atas tempat sampah. Setelah itu sensor akan memberikan sinyal agar tutup tempat sampah yang sesuai dengan kategori itu terbuka.

"Tong sampah ini ada tiga kategori. Kalau mau buka tutupnya harus ditempelin dulu ke salah satu sensor. Ada organik, non organik dan besi," jelas Ryan.

Ryan yang bercita-cita ingin menjadi engineer ini melakukan penelitian dengan didampingi guru pembimbing di sekolahnya, Sampoerna Academy. Menurutnya pendidikan di sana menggunakan sistem STEAM yang berbasis pada science, technology, engineering, art dan math ini sangat membantu dia dalam mengembangkan potensi yang ada di dalam dirinya.

"Iya menunjang, memang ada unsur STEAMnya juga, jadi include diaplikasikan," ucapnya.

Ryan saat ini tengah mengembakan tempat sampah pintar buatannya. Ke depan dia ingin menjadikan tempat sampahnya bisa memiliki sensor yang bisa mendeteksi berat.

"Nanti mau dikembangin, setiap tempat sampah akan ada sensor kalau tempat sampah sudah berat itu kan sudah penuh. Nanti dia bisa kirim data ke Dinas Kebersihan atau apa gitu biar bisa datang dan segera diangkut," ucap Ryan.

Insenerasi

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Insinerasi atau pembakaran sampah (bahasa Inggris: incineration) adalah teknologi pengolahan sampah yang melibatkan pembakaran bahan organik. Insinerasi dan pengolahan sampah bertemperatur tinggi lainnya didefinisikan sebagai pengolahan termal. Insinerasi material sampah mengubah sampah menjadi abu, gas sisa hasil pembakaran, partikulat, dan panas. Gas yang dihasilkan harus dibersihkan dari polutan sebelum dilepas ke atmosfer. Panas yang dihasilkan bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai energi pembangkit listrik.
Insinerasi dengan energy recovery adalah salah satu teknologi sampah-ke-energi (waste-to-energy, WtE). Teknologi WtE lainnya adalah gasifikasi, pirolisis, dan fermentasi anaerobik. Insinerasi juga bisa dilakukan tanpa energy recovery. Insinerator yang dibangun beberapa puluh tahun lalu tidak memiliki fasilitas pemisahan material berbahaya dan fasilitas daur ulang. Insinerator ini dapat menyebabkan bahaya kesehatan terhadap pekerja insinerator dan lingkungan sekitar karena tingginya gas berbahaya dari proses pembakaran. Kebanyakan insinerator jenis ini juga tidak menghasilkan energi listrik.
Insinerator mengurangi volume sampah hingga 95-96%, tergantung komposisi dan derajat recovery sampah. Ini berarti insinerasi tidak sepenuhnya mengganti penggunaan lahan sebagai area pembuangan akhir, tetapi insinerasi mengurangi volume sampah yang dibuang dalam jumlah yang signifikan.
Insinerasi memiliki banyak manfaat untuk mengolah berbagai jenis sampah seperti sampah medis dan beberapa jenis sampah berbahaya di mana patogen dan racun kimia bisa hancur dengan temperatur tinggi.
Insinerasi sangat populer di beberapa negara seperti Jepang di mana lahan merupakan sumber daya yang sangat langka. Denmark dan Swedia telah menjadi pionir dalam menggunakan panas dari insinerasi untuk menghasilkan energi. DI tahun 2005, insinerasi sampah menghasilkan 4,8% energi listrik dan 13,7% panas yang dikonsumsi negara itu. Beberapa negara lain di Eropa yang mengandalkan insinerasi sebagai pengolahan sampah adalah Luksemburg, Belanda, Jerman, dan Perancis.